从全民共享到全民共育——国家公园自然教育的未来发展走向

From sharing for all to co-education for all: the future development trend of nature education in national parks

  • 摘要: 国家公园作为中国自然保护地体系的主体, 凭借其丰富的自然资源和深厚的文化内涵成为开展自然教育的天然场所。中国自然教育实践稳步推进, 国家公园是自然教育的重要窗口, 在自然教育理念体系的推动中具有重要地位。梳理国内自然教育理念的起源、发展和实践, 探讨自然教育的内涵、意义以及关键作用, 借助语义网络分析等方法探究国家公园自然教育现状, 从自然教育解说人才队伍、资源类型、教育方式、主题内容、教育设施和主要受众群体等方面横向对比现有5个国家公园自然教育活动开展情况, 探明已有成效, 归纳其在体系规范化、课程模式、解说人员、设施利用以及受众范围等方面存在的不足, 提出具体实施建议, 展望国家公园自然教育从“全民共享”走向“全民共育”。

     

    Abstract: China′s national parks are feasible places for nature education with their rich natural resources and profound cultural connotations. The practice of nature education in China is steadily advancing, and national parks, as an important window of nature education, play an important role in the promotion of nature education concept system. This paper reviews the origin, development and practice of nature education concepts in China, discusses the connotation, significance and key role of nature education, explores the current situation of nature education in national parks with the help of semantic network analysis and other methods, and compares the development of nature education activities in the existing five national parks from the aspects of nature education interpreters, resource types, education methods, theme content, educational facilities and main audience groups. Clearing the shortcomings in standardization, curriculum, interpreters, facilities utilization and the scope of the audience, specific implementation suggestions are put forward. The nature education of national parks is expected to move from "sharing for all " to "co-education for all".

     

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