Abstract: The Law of the People′s Republic of China on National Parks officially came into effect in January 2026, marking the entry of China′s system of protected areas with national parks as the mainstay into a new stage of legal governance. The design of China′s national parks ecological civilization reform presents the characteristics distinctive to China in the new era that differentiate it from existing international models. This paper elucidates the core legal tenets of the Law on National Parks from five dimensions: 1) Upholding the principle of "prioritizing ecological protection" to establish a value system that synergizes ecological conservation with the protection of livelihoods; 2) incorporating national parks into the "one-map" management of territorial spatial planning to achieve systematic integration of ecological protection and spatial governance; 3) Establishing the institutional model of "unified ownership registration+hierarchical authorized management"; 4) Developing a two-tier management mechanism consisting of "core protected areas+general control areas" to realize a dynamic balance between strict protection and rational utilization; 5) Highlighting the core positioning of public welfare to build an inclusive institutional system with shared rights, interests, and participation. Remaining challenges including improving the inter-provincial collaborative management mechanism and the unified management mechanism for authorized natural resource assets, the connection between the territorial spatial planning of national parks and their master plans, and the exploration of development regulations for original residential areas, thereby filling institutional gaps in practice. Guided by the vision of "harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature", China′s national park legal system clarifies a progressive path of "principled legislation+refined supporting systems" from the perspectives of systematization, refinement, and coordination. Legal texts into practical implementatio provides legal experience for China′s national park construction and global protected area governance.