Abstract: National parks assume a primary responsibility in safeguarding key areas of national ecological security. Guided by the principle of balancing conservation and utilization, the Law of the People′s Republic of China on National Parks establishes a strict legal protection system, with the preservation of the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems as a crucial objective. It is essential to accurately grasp the functional positioning of national parks, properly manage the relationships among multiple natural elements involved in these important geographical units (such as integrated planning, regulatory control, and the balance between conservation and development) and effectively implement the core concepts and fundamental principles of ecological civilization reform.