Abstract: As a globally recognized flagship conservation species, the giant panda plays a crucial role in ecological research and biodiversity protection. Individual identification technology is fundamental for conducting field monitoring, population estimation, behavioral ecology studies, and precision conservation management. To achieve long-term acquisition and stable identification of individual giant panda information, various technical approaches have been developed and applied. This research systematically reviews the current mainstream methods for giant panda individual identification, encompassing techniques such as footprint identification, DNA analysis, image recognition, and acoustic identification. A comprehensive comparison of these methods is conducted from multiple dimensions, including identification accuracy, invasiveness, scalability, and field applicability. Based on this analysis, key challenges facing existing studies in data acquisition, model generalization, and practical deployment are summarized. Finally, future directions for the development of giant panda individual identification technologies are discussed, aiming to provide systematic references for related research and technical support for endangered species conservation and intelligent monitoring efforts.