武夷山国家公园游憩区景观资源综合评价

Comprehe evaluation of landscape resources in the recreational area of Wuyishan National Park

  • 摘要: 国家公园是生态旅游的重要载体, 景观资源评价是科学保护和合理利用景观资源的重要依据, 对于促进国家公园高水平保护和高质量建设具有重要意义。以武夷山国家公园游憩区5个子景区为研究对象, 运用层次分析法(AHP)对各子景区的自然景观质量、人文景观质量、自然环境质量、人为环境质量、区位条件、服务基础设施和服务管理水平等指标进行评价; 同时选取视域、相对距离敏感度和相对坡度敏感度3个因素, 应用地理信息系统(GIS)技术进行视觉敏感度分析评价, 结合获得各子景区景观资源综合评价分值, 5个子景区平均得分90.46分, 景观资源总体质量优良, 但部分子景区人文景观质量、服务基础设施和管理水平指标得分相对偏低, 文旅融合水平不高。建议依托武夷山自然与文化资源的独特优势, 从功能分区、文旅融合和强化服务等方面, 实现景观资源保护和可持续发展的有机统一, 进一步提升武夷山国家公园社会服务功能。

     

    Abstract: The assessment of landscape resources in national parks is a fundamental basis for their scientific conservation and rational utilization, and holds significant importance for advancing high-level protection and high-quality development of national parks. This study employs a combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of landscape resources in the recreational area of Wuyishan National Park. The objective is to provide scientific support for the sustainable development, ecological protection, and rational use of landscape resources in the park. The evaluation covers five core sub-areas: Yunwo-Tianyou Peak, Nine-bend Stream Bamboo Rafting, Yixiantian-Huxiao Rock, Wuyi Palace, and Dahongpao-Water Curtain Cave.Through the AHP method, an evaluation index system was constructed, comprising three levels: landscape resource quality, environmental conditions, and development potential. The weights of each indicator were determined through expert scoring, and the sub-areas were evaluated accordingly. Simultaneously, GIS technology was applied to conduct visual landscape evaluation, analyzing key indicators such as visibility, relative distance sensitivity, and relative slope sensitivity of the scenic spots. The results show that the average comprehensive score of the five sub-areas is 90.46. Among them, Yunwo-Tianyou Peak and Nine-bend Stream Bamboo Rafting achieved the highest scores in overall landscape quality, while Wuyi Palace stood out for its cultural landscape value. GIS analysis indicates that although Tianyou Peak has a relatively limited visibility range, it exhibits the highest visual sensitivity, whereas Wuyi Palace boasts the largest visible area.The study identified several challenges, including insufficient integration of culture and tourism in some areas, inadequate infrastructure, and risks associated with excessive tourist crowding. Based on these findings, the following recommendations are proposed: implement scientific functional zoning to enhance ecological protection; optimize visual management and trail design using GIS analysis results; promote the integration of culture and tourism; develop green tourism models; and strengthen management and service systems. The combined AHP-GIS approach provides a scientifically validated method for landscape resource evaluation, offering valuable insights for the management and sustainable development of recreational areas in Wuyishan and other National Parks. Limitations of this study include the inherent subjectivity of expert scoring in AHP and the challenges of applying point-based GIS analysis to linear landscape features such as bamboo rafting routes. It is recommended to Wuyi Mountain′s unique natural and cultural resources to achieve an organic integration of landscape resource conservation and sustainable development through functional zoning, cultural-tourism integration, and enhanced services, thereby further improving the social service functions of the National Park.

     

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