武夷山国家公园自然景观多维价值评估

Multi-dimensional value assessment of natural landscape in Mount Wuyi National Park

  • 摘要: 自然景观作为国家公园的重要组成, 科学评估其多维价值对于景观资源有效保护与可持续利用具有重要意义。以武夷山国家公园为研究区, 基于自然景观的客观属性与人类主观体验, 构建了涵盖科学、美学、感知与基础价值的多维评估体系, 并对其空间分布特征开展研究。结果表明: (1)自然景观科学、美学与感知价值的高值与较高值区域集聚在东南部地区, 丹霞、河流及其多样化组合成为游客观赏游憩的重要吸引物。(2)原真性、完整性高值区分别分布在研究区西南部及北部, 以上区域不仅保留了高质量自然状态, 且受到人类干扰较小, 基础价值较高。(3)综合价值高值区以东南部地区为主, 中值区主要位于研究区北部、西南部与南部部分区域, 以边缘地区为代表的其余区域景观综合价值较低。研究结果为国家公园景观价值核算、促进国家公园人地系统协调提供依据。

     

    Abstract: Natural landscapes, as critical components of national parks, constitute the core assets protected and managed by these protected areas. To realize the effective conservation and sustainable management of natural landscapes, it is of great significance to scientifically assess their multidimensional values. In this study, Mount Wuyi National Park was taken as the research area. Based on the objective attributes of natural landscapes and human subjective perceptions, a comprehensive evaluation framework was established, which comprises four key value dimensions: scientific value, aesthetic value, perceptual value, and fundamental value (including authenticity and integrity). Furthermore, GIS spatial analysis, remote sensing data interpretation, field surveys, and public perception evaluation were combined to systematically assess the multi-dimensional values of natural landscapes and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of both individual and integrated values. As revealed by the results, (1) the high and relatively high values of scientific, aesthetic, and perceptual aspects of natural landscapes are predominantly concentrated in the southeastern part of the study area. By virtue of unique geomorphological features such as the Danxia landforms and the meandering Nine-Bend River, along with their diverse combinations, the characteristic "Clear Water and Red Mountains" landscape is formed. Such a visually striking and ecologically significant setting serves as a major attraction for tourism and recreational activities. (2) The south-western sector of Mount Wuyi National Park exhibits the highest levels of authenticity, whereas the northern sector shows the most intact assemblages, which jointly constitute the core zones of prominent foundational value. While retaining near-pristine biophysical states (evidenced by minimal anthropogenic modification indices), these contiguous tracts are decoupled from high-intensity socioeconomic drivers such as population density, regional GDP, and road-network density. In this way, their high degree of natural integrity is maintained. (3) The high-value regions of the integrated natural landscape value are mainly located in the southeastern area, the medium-value regions are primarily situated in the northern, southwestern and some parts of the southern sections of the study area, while the remaining regions represented by the peripheral areas exhibit lower integrated landscape value. To quantify the multidimensional values of natural landscapes, this study presents a spatially explicit framework. Through integration of objective biophysical indicators with stakeholder-based perceptual data, it advances natural-capital accounting, facilitates spatial zoning decisions, and supports conflict-mitigation strategies between conservation objectives and visitor use in national parks. To conclude, our methodology and findings not only contribute to evidence-based protected-area governance and landscape stewardship, but also align with Chinese eco-civilization strategy and the global Sustainable Development Goals.

     

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