基于原住居民满意度的生态补偿绩效评价——以东北虎豹国家公园东宁局为例

Performance evaluation of ecological compensation based on indigenous residents′ satisfaction: a case study of the Dongning Bureau of Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park

  • 摘要: 原住居民是国家公园建立过程中受显著影响的群体之一, 其满意度是衡量国家公园生态补偿政策成效的重要指标。从原住居民满意度视角出发建立一个涵盖生态、经济和社会效益的国家公园生态补偿绩效评价指标体系, 并采用层次分析法(AHP)-模糊综合评价法确定指标权重, 对东北虎豹国家公园东宁局生态补偿绩效进行综合评价。研究结果表明:东北虎豹国家公园东宁局的总体绩效评价得分为3.424, 对照等级标准生态补偿绩效为良好水平。其中, 生态绩效与社会绩效等级为良好, 经济绩效等级为一般, 尤其是在野生动物救护体系、补偿金及时性方面存在发展瓶颈;当地农户的评价得分为3.239, 林场职工的评价得分为3.370, 不同原住居民类型国家公园生态补偿绩效差异不显著。需注重在生态补偿政策中加强经济效益的提升, 以提高其整体效益。同时应根据原住居民的特性优化虎豹公园的建设, 协调公园发展与居民利益之间的矛盾, 从而提升生态补偿措施的实施绩效。

     

    Abstract: Indigenous residents are regarded as a key affected group in the construction of national parks, and their satisfaction is an important indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of ecological compensation policies. From the perspective of indigenous residents′ satisfaction, a multidimensional evaluation index system including ecological, economic, and social benefits was constructed. This system used the AHP—fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to calculate index weights, ultimately applying it to the performance evaluation of ecological compensation at the Dongning Bureau of Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park. The study results indicate that the overall performance score of the Dongning Bureau was 3.424, rated as good according to the grading standard. Specifically, both ecological and social performance reached a good level, while economic performance was only rated as an average level. There were development bottlenecks in the wildlife rescue systems and the timeliness of compensation funds. As for the resident type, there was no significant differences between the performance evaluations of local farmers (score 3.239) and forest workers (score 3.370). It is recommended that future ecological compensation policies should focus on enhancing the economic benefit dimension to optimize overall effectiveness. Additionally, the construction plans of the Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park need to be adjusted to meet the diverse needs of indigenous residents, and ensure the balance between ecological protection goals and residents′ interests, thereby effectively improving the implementation performance of ecological compensation measures.

     

/

返回文章
返回