Abstract: Alpine wetlands, as a globally significant carbon sink, play a crucial role in regional carbon cycling. However, there is limited understanding of the differences in vegetation and soil carbon storage as well as their influencing factors in alpine wetlands. In this study, three typical alpine wetlands within the Zoige National Park, including peat bogs, peatlands, and wet meadows, were focused. Based on three years of field surveys and laboratory analyses, the characteristics of vegetation and soil carbon pools were quantified. At the same time, their influencing factors were investigated. As demonstrated by the results, the aboveground biomass (371 g/m²) and biomass carbon storage (195 g/m²) were the highest in wet meadow, while its soil organic carbon content (78 g/kg) was the lowest. The underground biomass (3911 g/m²) of peatland was significantly higher than that of other types, and the carbon storage in the 20—40 cm soil layer was the highest ((180±19.61) t/hm²). The soil organic carbon content in peatlands (167 g/kg) was the highest, but decreased remarkably with soil depth. There was a significant positive correlation between vegetation biomass and species diversity (Margalef index, P < 0.01), indicating that increased diversity can enhance carbon sequestration capacity. Soil physical properties (i.e. bulk density, water content) had different impacts on carbon pools. The correlation between bulk density and carbon storage was positive in peatlands, but negative in wet meadows. To conclude, the peatlands had pronounced advantage in deep soil carbon accumulation, and the interaction between vegetation diversity and Soil physical properties was vital for carbon storage. All in all, these findings provide a foundation for assessment of the carbon sequestration potential of alpine wetland ecosystems and for ecological management within future national parks.