Abstract:
National parks serve as essential platforms for promoting both ecological conservation and local economic development. Their successful establishment and long-term sustainability depend significantly on active public participation and support. From the perspective of ecological culture, this paper explores the fundamental role of public ecological awareness, emotions, and behaviors in achieving the goal of "harmonious coexistence between humans and nature" within national parks. First, drawing from psychological theories, this study constructs a three-dimensional framework encompassing ecological awareness, ecological emotions, and ecological behavior. This framework provides a systematic approach to analyzing the positive impact of ecological culture on national parks. By fostering ecological awareness, individuals gain a deeper understanding of environmental values and responsibilities. Through cultivating ecological emotions, such as a sense of belonging and responsibility toward nature, public commitment to conservation is strengthened. Ultimately, by promoting ecological behavior, these cognitive and emotional dimensions translate into tangible actions supporting ecological protection and sustainable practices. Second, this paper reviews the current practices in developing ecological culture within national parks. It assesses the achievements and challenges in key areas such as ecological conservation, community participation, and cultural identity. The study identifies successful initiatives that have enhanced public engagement and awareness, while also recognizing persistent obstacles, including limited participation mechanisms and insufficient incentives for sustainable behavior. To address these challenges, this paper proposes targeted strategies: enhancing ecological awareness through comprehensive environmental education programs, strengthening ecological emotions via social interaction and cultural activities, and encouraging green lifestyles by improving incentive mechanisms and community-based co-governance. These measures aim to stimulate voluntary public participation in ecological behaviors, thereby contributing to the overall conservation objectives of national parks. Third, adopting a multidisciplinary integration perspective, this study examines the underlying mechanisms by which ecological culture influences public psychological processes and behavioral practices. It proposes a pathway centered on ecological culture to facilitate community participation and ecological governance. By integrating insights from psychology, environmental science, and public administration, this approach offers a holistic understanding of how ecological culture can drive sustainable behavioral changes and community engagement. The findings provide innovative perspectives and practical references for enhancing the coordinated development of national park conservation and community well-being. In conclusion, fostering a robust ecological culture is key to achieving long-term ecological sustainability and promoting active public involvement in national park governance. By leveraging education, social interaction, and policy incentives, this study underscores the importance of cultivating ecological awareness, emotions, and behaviors.